| Breakdown of hydrogen production costs for alkaline (left) and PEM (right) electrolyser (EUR/kg) |
Figure 21 |
ACER, using the LCOH calculation tool of the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Comparison of EU targets with national ones on electrolyser capacity (left, GW) and hydrogen production (right, Mt) - September 2024 |
Figure 07 |
ACER based on national hydrogen strategies and roadmaps, NECPs, and information provided by national regulatory authorities. |
| Consumption of electricity-based hydrogen in EU Member States by end-use – 2023 (kt) |
Figure 12 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Cost ranges of hydrogen by production method based on S&P Global estimates for Jan-Sep 2024 |
Page 05 |
ACER based on S&P Global estimates |
| EU hydrogen production capacity by process type - 2023 (Mt/y) |
Figure 14 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Electricity-based hydrogen consumption by end-use (left) and breakdown of consumption in novel hydrogen applications (right) in the EU - 2023 (kt) |
Figure 13 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Electrolyser projects by project status and estimated commissioning year – 2023-2030 (GW) |
Figure 17 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory and S&P Global and own calculations. |
| Electrolysers under construction with expected commissioning by 2026 by end-use – September 2024 (MW) |
Figure 29 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Evolution of cost estimates of hydrogen produced by various technologies – January 2023-September 2024 – (EUR/kg) |
Figure 20 |
ACER based on data from S&P Global. |
| Hydrogen consumption and breakdown by end use – 2019-2023 (Mt) |
Figure 10 |
ACER based on data from S&P Global (2019-2021) and the European Hydrogen Observatory (2022 - 2023). |
| Hydrogen consumption in EU Member States – 2022-2023 (Mt) |
Figure 11 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Hydrogen production capacity utilisation rates in EU Member States - 2023 (%) |
Figure 28 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Hydrogen transmission projects’ unit investment costs, based on the TYNDP-2024 project list (million EUR/km) |
Figure 18 |
ACER based on information from TYNDP-2024 project database. |
| Installed capacity and hydrogen production in EU Member States - 2022-2023 (Mt) |
Figure 15 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Installed electrolyser capacity in EU Member States (MW, left) and distribution per size (%, right) - 2023 |
Figure 16 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Number of EU Member State support schemes related to hydrogen - September 2024 |
Figure 08 |
ACER based on information from the European Commission’s public database on competition cases. |
| Number of hydrogen refuelling stations in the EU and Norway - 2023 |
Figure 19 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Overview of hydrogen strategic documents – September 2024 |
Figure 03 |
ACER based on national hydrogen strategies |
| Share of hydrogen consumption by end-use in EU Member States – 2023 (%) |
Figure 27 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |
| Summary of targets based on national strategies and plans |
Page 05 |
ACER based on national hydrogen strategies and roadmaps, NECPs, and information provided by national regulatory authorities. |
| Targeted electrolyser capacity for 2030 in EU Member States – September 2024 (GW) |
Figure 04 |
ACER based on national hydrogen strategies and roadmaps, NECPs, and information provided by national regulatory authorities. |
| Targeted hydrogen demand for 2030 in EU Member States – September 2024 (kt) |
Figure 06 |
ACER based on national hydrogen strategies and roadmaps, NECPs, and information provided by national regulatory authorities. |
| Targeted renewable hydrogen production for 2030 in EU Member States – September 2024 (kt) |
Figure 05 |
ACER based on national hydrogen strategies and roadmaps, NECPs, information provided by national regulatory authorities, and own calculations. |
| Year-on-year change of hydrogen consumption in the EU by end-use – 2023 (%) |
Figure 26 |
ACER based on data from the European Hydrogen Observatory. |